Redox reactions are important biochemical processes in animal cells. Under healthy conditions, oxidation and antioxidant systems are in balance (figure 1). However different stressors such as high stocking densities, intensive feeding, temperature changes, transportation, pathogens, mycotoxins, poor farm management and preslaughter stress may lead to excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in shortage of antioxidants and thus causing oxidative stress (figure 1, right). This results in cell damage, cell death and ultimately decreased performance, reduced egg quality and poor meat quality. Therefore, supplementing natural antioxidants in the diet of producing animals may help to prevent the negative effects of oxidative stress on performance and product quality (Figure 1, left).
There is a wide range of antioxidant molecules in the body including vitamin E, carotenoids, selenium, ascorbic acid, antioxidant enzymes, etc. In the body all antioxidants work together to create the antioxidant network called “antioxidant systems”.
Supplementation of optimal levels of different antioxidants through drinking water, including phenolic acids, polyphenols, vitamins and trace minerals provide maximum protection in stress conditions and maintain productive and reproductive performance of poultry:
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